During a heat wave, the body has greater difficulty maintaining a normal temperature. Prolonged exposure, intense physical effort and dehydration can cause illness and, in severe cases, potentially fatal heat stroke.
Who is at higher risk?
- Babies and children younger than five, older adults, pregnant people and individuals who live alone or have reduced independence.
- People with chronic illness, serious mental health conditions or reduced mobility.
- People who work or exercise intensely outdoors and those who do not have access to a cool or air-conditioned location.
- Some medicines, including diuretics, antidepressants, sleeping pills, antipsychotics and diabetes medications, can affect the body’s response to heat. Do not stop medication on your own; ask a physician or pharmacist for advice.
How can you protect yourself?
- Drink water regularly without waiting until you feel thirsty. If you have been prescribed a fluid restriction, ask your healthcare professional how to adjust hydration during hot weather.
- Cool down with a cool shower or bath, wet cloths or a spray bottle. If possible, spend at least two hours per day in an air-conditioned or cool location.
- Wear lightweight, loose, pale-coloured clothing and a wide-brimmed hat. Reduce exertion and schedule physical activities during cooler hours.
- Close curtains and blinds while the sun is shining. Ventilate when the outdoor temperature becomes cooler than indoors and limit the use of ovens, dryers and other heat-producing appliances.
- Avoid alcohol, which can worsen dehydration. Never leave a child or pet alone in a vehicle, even for a few minutes and even with the windows open.
Recognize early warning signs
- Headache, muscle cramps, unusual fatigue, nausea, intense thirst, dry skin, dark or less frequent urine and rapid breathing can be signs of heat-related illness.
- Move the person to a cool place, allow them to rest, cool the skin and offer water if they are fully alert and able to drink normally. Call Info-Santé 811 if you are unsure or the condition worsens.
When should you call 9-1-1?
- Confusion, unusual behaviour, seizures, loss of consciousness, breathing difficulty or a very high body temperature may indicate heat stroke.
- Call 9-1-1 immediately, move the person to a cool place and begin cooling while waiting for help. Do not give fluids to someone who is confused, very drowsy or unconscious.
At Bina Clinic, we encourage everyone to prepare before very hot days by identifying a cool place, keeping water available, adjusting activities and checking regularly on vulnerable relatives and neighbours.
Official sources
This article provides general information and does not replace a personalized medical assessment, diagnosis or treatment.
